The average VAS score over the last week for temporomandibular pain after four sessions will be assessed as the primary outcome. The usual care group will receive physical therapy consisting of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and infrared therapy. The TEA group will receive treatment at 14 predefined acupoints once weekly for 4 weeks. Thirty patients with TMD and temporomandibular joint pain more severe than 40 mm on the 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) and aged 19– 70 years will be recruited and randomly allocated to either TEA or usual care groups. Methods: This randomized, assessor-blinded, controlled trial will include two parallel arms. This pilot trial will explore the feasibility of a confirmatory randomized controlled trial (RCT) by considering the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of TEA to address pain, function, and quality of life in patients with TMD. While thread embedding acupuncture (TEA) is used for the treatment of TMD in clinical practice, sufficient clinical evidence is lacking. *These authors contributed equally to this workĬorrespondence: Sang-Soo Nam Bonhyuk Goo, Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05278, Republic of Korea, Tel +82 +82, Fax +82 +82, Email īackground: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) affects multiple tissues of the temporomandibular joint complex and manifests as orofacial pain and functional disturbance. Jung-Hyun Kim, 1 Dahae Kang, 2 Koh-Woon Kim, 3 Sang-Soo Nam, 1, * Bonhyuk Goo 1, *ġDepartment of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 3Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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